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moncler Men coats for black voiron Hooded Buttons Catalytic converters at autonews Moncler Chany Vest Women Black WASHINGTON The EPA proposed a package of rules today that includes cleaner gasoline and stricter limits on pollution from the tailpipes of cars, jerseys despite objections from the oil industry. standards into alignment with those of California, where gasoline must have a lower sulfur content to help reduce tailpipe emissions. Automakers want to be able to sell the same car in all 50 states, using advanced catalytic converters and other new features that are needed to comply with California rules that take effect in 2017. The equipment would add an estimated $130 to the cost of a car but reduce certain emissions by 80 percent and, used nationwide, could prevent an estimated 2,400 premature deaths due to air pollution annually. Automakers have also argued to the EPA and the White House that they need low sulfur gasoline to start selling cars with lean burn gasoline direct injection engines a key strategy for complying with stricter corporate average fuel economy standards that ramp up to 54.5 mpg by 2025. "The Obama Administration has taken a series of steps to reinvigorate the auto industry and ensure that the cars of tomorrow are cleaner, more efficient and saving drivers money at the pump and these common sense cleaner fuels and cars standards are another example of how we can protect the environment and public health in an affordable and practical way," EPA Acting Administrator Bob Perciasepe said in a statement. "Today s proposed standards which will save thousands of lives and protect the most vulnerable are the next step in our work to protect public health and will provide the automotive industry with the certainty they need to offer the same car models in all 50 states." The EPA s proposal would reduce the sulfur content of gasoline from 30 parts per million to 10 parts per million by 2017, the same standard as Europe, Japan and California. Very significant "We think this is a very significant proposal and are delighted that the car makers support it," Frank O Donnell, president of the advocacy group Clean Air Watch, said in an e mail. The proposal has the backing of environmental and health groups because it will boost fuel economy and reduce emissions that lead to the formation of soot and smog. However, the rule is opposed by the oil industry. Upgrading an oil refinery to sell low sulfur gasoline can cost tens of millions of dollars. Oil industry lobbyists have warned that some refineries might close rather than undergo costly retooling. "Consumers care about the price of fuel, and our government should not be adding unnecessary regulations that raise manufacturing cost," Bob Greco, a group director at the American Petroleum Institute, said in a statement. Higher gas prices Supporters of the rule concede that the proposal could raise the price of gasoline slightly, though they say that fuel efficiency gains from new engine technology would save consumers more money than added costs at the pump. Reducing sulfur in gasoline would extend the lifetime of a catalytic converter to 150,00 miles from 125,000, the EPA said. Low sulfur fuel would also help existing cars run more cleanly, akin to taking 33 million older cars off the road, the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers and Association of Global Automakers have said. The rules will also bring substantial business to suppliers of catalysts, such as Dow Corning and BASF, which met separately with White House officials to advocate for the rules, meeting records show. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) today proposed sensible standards for cars and gasoline that will significantly reduce harmful pollution, prevent thousands of premature deaths and illnesses, while also enabling efficiency improvements in the cars and trucks we drive. These cleaner fuels and cars standards are an important component of the administration s national program for clean cars and trucks, which also include historic fuel efficiency standards that are saving new vehicle owners at the gas pump today. Once fully in place, the standards will help avoid up to 2,400 premature deaths per year and 23,000 cases of respiratory ailments in children. Following a proven systems approach that addresses vehicles and fuels as an integrated system, today s proposal will enable the greatest pollution reductions at the lowest cost. The proposal will slash emissions of a range of harmful pollutants that can cause premature death and respiratory illnesses, including reducing smog forming volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides by 80 percent, establish a 70 percent tighter particulate matter standard, and reduce fuel vapor emissions to near zero. The proposal will also reduce vehicle emissions of toxic air pollutants, such as benzene and 1,3 butadiene, by up to 40 percent. The proposal supports efforts by states to reduce harmful levels of smog and soot and eases their ability to attain and maintain science based national ambient air quality standards to protect public health, while also providing flexibilities for small businesses, including hardship provisions and additional lead time for compliance. "The Obama Administration has taken a series of steps to reinvigorate the auto industry and ensure that the cars of tomorrow are cleaner, more efficient and saving drivers money at the pump and these common sense cleaner fuels and cars standards are another example of how we can protect the environment and public health in an affordable and practical way," said EPA Acting Administrator Bob Perciasepe. "Today s proposed standards andndash; which will save thousands of lives and protect the most vulnerable are the next step in our moncler collection 2014 work to protect public health and will provide the automotive industry with the certainty they need to offer the same car models in all 50 states. By 2030, EPA estimates that the proposed cleaner fuels and cars program will annually prevent up to 2,400 premature deaths, 23,000 cases of respiratory ailments in children, 3,200 hospital admissions and asthma related emergency room visits, and 1.8 million lost school days, work days and days when activities would be restricted due to air pollution. Total health related benefits in 2030 will be between $8 and $23 billion annually. The program would also reduce exposure to pollution near roads. More than 50 million people live, work, or go to school in close proximity to high traffic roadways, and the average American spends more than one hour traveling along roads each day. Throughout the development of the proposal, EPA met with representatives from the automotive and oil and gas industry as well as environmental, consumer advocacy and public health organizations. Based on initial feedback from these groups and a thorough rulemaking process, EPA s proposal is estimated to provide up to seven dollars in health benefits for every dollar spent to meet the standards. The proposed sulfur standards will cost refineries less than a penny per gallon of gasoline on average once the standards are fully in place. The proposed vehicle Moncler Men all of wool Sweater black standards will have an average cost of about $130 per vehicle in 2025. The proposal also includes flexibilities for small businesses, including hardship provisions and additional lead time for compliance. The proposed standards will reduce gasoline sulfur levels by more than 60 percent andndash; down to 10 parts per million (ppm) in 2017. Reducing sulfur in gasoline enables vehicle emission control technologies to perform more efficiently. This means that vehicles built prior to the proposed standards will run cleaner on the new low sulfur gas, providing significant and immediate benefits by reducing emissions from every gas powered vehicle on the road. The proposed standards will work together with California s clean cars and fuels program to create a harmonized nationwide vehicle emissions program that enables automakers to sell the same vehicles in all 50 states. The proposal is designed to be implemented over the same timeframe as the next phase of EPA s national program to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from cars and light trucks beginning in model year 2017. Together, the federal and California standards will maximize reductions in GHGs, air pollutants and air toxics from cars and light trucks while providing automakers regulatory certainty and streamlining compliance. Once published in the Federal Register, the proposal will be available for moncler pharrell vest public comment and EPA will hold public hearings to receive further public input. TOKYO (Bloomberg) Thirteen years after Tokyo s governor killed Japanese interest in diesel cars by barring many of them from his city, the technology is making a comeback as manufacturers adopt innovations that improve its sooty image. Mazda Motor Corp. is betting big on cleaner diesels, creating a challenge to imports and hybrids as government incentives moncler hats for men spur demand for fuel efficient vehicles. The new cars compete with SUVs from Nissan Motor Co. and Mitsubishi Motor Corp. and models that BMW and Daimler ship from Europe, where half of new cars use the engine and most automakers including the Japanese offer diesels. Improved filters, turbochargers and fuel injection have helped make the motors quieter and cleaner than in 1999, when Gov. Shintaro Ishihara waved a bottle of black soot at reporters as he campaigned to bar them from Tokyo streets. "I remember the diesel car I used in driving school 22 years ago a noisy, dirty one that produced smoke and soot," said Atsuo Ito, a 39 year old advertising executive who bought a new Mazda Diesel CX 5 crossover. "This car is quiet, clean, and most important, it cut my monthly fuel expense by half." Brisk demand The national government this year introduced subsidies of as much as 180,000 yen ($2,200) for diesels. By 2020, the government wants 5 percent of new passenger vehicles to use the technology, up from 0.4 percent last year. As of October, sales of diesels had tripled from last year to 31,425 units in Japan, according to the Japan Automotive Dealers Association. "The idea younger people have of diesel cars is quite different from the elder generation, who were influenced by Ishihara," said Yoshiaki Kawano, an analyst with IHS Automotive in Tokyo. A diesel discount moncler jackets CX 5 gets 18.6 kilometers per liter (43.7 miles per gallon based on Japanese standards), 16 percent more than the comparable gasoline version, according to Mazda. "We have been surprised to see such brisk demand," Mazda President Takashi Yamanouchi said last month. Customers are "convinced that they want diesels." Global sales of diesel cars will rise 66 percent between 2010 and 2018, to 22 million, making up about 18 percent of total vehicle deliveries in 2018, according to LMC Automotive. Growth will come mainly from North America, Eastern Europe and Asia, while diesel s share in Western Europe will decline due to regulatory standards and market saturation in some countries, the researcher said. American renaissance Diesel engines can be more efficient because the fuel burns at a higher temperature than gasoline. But diesel s higher energy density means it can also emit more soot. In recent years, manufacturers have improved catalytic converters to burn soot and have added filters to capture more of the emissions. LMC Automotive expects diesel sales there to more than triple to 1.3 million in 2018 from 408,344 last year as stricter federal fuel efficiency standards are phased in starting in 2017. "Clean diesel cars and light duty trucks are in the early stages of a renaissance in America," said Allen Schaeffer, Executive Director of Diesel Technology Moncler Women Down zip Rabbit hats green Jackets Forum, an industry group whose members include car and component makers. next year. That will make Mazda the first Asian carmaker to sell a passenger car using the engine in the American market, where European makers such as Volkswagen AG set the pace. "If the Mazda6 is priced below the Passat TDI and has great fuel economy, it can be a hit," said Mike Omotoso, senior manager of global powertrain research at LMC Automotive in suburban Detroit. Mazda, which this year ended 45 years of rotary engine production, is making the biggest commitment to diesel among its Japanese rivals. It has increased advertising and is pairing the CX 5 and Mazda6 with its SkyActiv, an umbrella term for technologies that help it comply with stricter emission standards such as lighter vehicle bodies. The company "has spent hugely on TV commercials and advertising to raise people s awareness and change the public image," said Masahiro Fukuda, an analyst with Fourin Inc. in Nagoya, Japan. In the revamped models first year on the market, Mazda expects worldwide sales of 240,000 for the Mazda6 and 190,000 for the CX 5. The company doesn t release separate forecasts for diesel sales. Tokyo ban Japanese diesel vehicle sales peaked in the 1980s, accounting for as much as 6 percent of new car deliveries, according to the transport ministry. In 2003, Tokyo started requiring diesel owners to winter coats moncler install exhaust gas purifiers and barred those that didn t from driving their cars in the city. In 2001, Japanese carmakers produced 24 diesel models. By the end of 2007, there were none made at home. Nissan was the first Japanese carmaker to reintroduce diesel into the nation s passenger market with the X Trail SUV in 2008. Mitsubishi followed with a diesel variant of its Pajero. Last year, the two were the only diesel cars produced by domestic carmakers for their home market. Toyota, the world leader in hybrids, agreed last year to use diesel engines supplied from BMW starting in 2014 to expand its European lineup. The carmaker offers no diesel cars in Japan. Different smell BMW, which ended a two decade hiatus on diesel imports to Japan this year, says it s bringing six models to the country. Mercedes in 2010 became the first foreign producer to reintroduce diesel cars in Japan and now says it has three vehicles in the market. Ishihara, who resigned as Tokyo governor in October and is running in the Dec. 16 lower house national election, changed his opinion of diesels after a trip to Europe. "I found cars on the roads were almost all diesel powered, but the smell was completely different from what we used to have in Japan," the former governor said at a press conference in March. "Diesel cars will make a comeback in Japan, which is a good thing." moncler Men coats for black voiron Hooded Buttons
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