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Central America s shift in safety Honduras has the highest homicide rate in the world, seahawks jerseys with 86 murders per 100,000 people. El Salvador has the second highest homicide rate, with 70 murders per 100,000 people, Moncler long down coat black and Guatemala comes in close behind with 41 murders per 100,000 people. Classified as Central America triangle this region has long been rife with gangs and organised crime, and in recent years, infiltration by the drug trade has ratcheted up the violence even further. Once the US Coast Guard shut down the Caribbean drug trafficking route in the 1990s, Mexico became the main middle man between the world biggest cocaine producers Colombia, Peru and Bolivia and the world biggest cocaine consumer the United States. In recent years, countries in Central America have emerged as important land based distribution points, especially as the cartels in Mexico face an increasing crackdown in the so called war on drugs. Among other Mexican cartels, the Zetas and the Sinaloa Cartel are now fighting over Moncler Women Down zip Rabbit hats green Jackets territories in Central America. Yet, the US and the UK have not issued travel warnings for Honduras, El Salvador or Guatemala. Canada and Australia only advise exercising high degree of caution while New Zealand notes that there is risk in travelling to these nations. Meanwhile, cocaine producing Colombia and cocaine transiting Mexico are plagued by travel warnings. So why are there warnings for some narco trafficking countries and not others? Craig Bidois, a former UN security advisor who runs the New Zealand based travel security firm Fear Free, said governments take many factors into consideration before instituting a travel warning, and crime is more likely to precipitate a travel warning if foreign nationals have been actually singled out as targets. lot of the violence in winter coats moncler these countries is violence between the different pandillas, or gangs, explained Vanda Felbab Brown, an expert in illicit economies and a foreign policy fellow at the Brookings Institution, a US based think tank. is the possibility of violence against tourists, but such violence is not going to be homicides. The biggest concern for travellers is that high murder rates open the floodgates for other types of crime. Law enforcement officials overwhelmed with murder cases are strapped for resources, a vulnerability that pandillas take full advantage of. is a lot of kidnapping, robbery, extortion that something tourists need to be concerned about, said Felbab Brown. But even these crimes will not typically target run of the mill tourists, since pandillas are more interested in prominent figures worth large sums of money. Drug enforcement agents estimate that 25 tons of cocaine pass through Honduras each month, and nearly 60% of all cocaine coming into the US has transited through Central America, according to the US government. In 2008, Central American countries seized three times the amount of cocaine that was found in Mexico and Colombia combined. The Guatemalan government approximates that two fifths of the homicides in its country can be attributed to the drug trade. But violent crime in the northern triangle is not entirely owed to drug trafficking. Street gangs in the northern triangle also fight deadly battles often unrelated to the drug trade. In the 1980s, many Salvadorans fleeing civil war emigrated to the United States city of Los Angeles, where gang activity was rampant. Clinging to their own, some formed new gangs. Then, in the 1990s, thousands of undocumented Salvadoran immigrants were deported back to their home country, bringing gang life with them. These gangs, or maras, spread through other northern Central American countries, as mara members moved back and forth between the US and El Salvador. The region poverty and instability made it particularly susceptible to this permeating gang culture. At the hands of both narco moncler bubble coat and gang activity, people are dying at a higher rate today in Guatemala and El Salvador than during those countries civil wars. And the violence is spilling over into the rest of Central America as well. Beautiful Belize has been infected by drug trafficking organisations and now has the sixth highest murder rate in the world. Yet the country is still a popular stopover for cruises, and, being that it is home to the world s second longest barrier reef, impressive eco tourism attractions and relaxing white sand beaches, tourism is still one of its top sources of revenue. The UK government recommends that tourists avoid certain parts of Belize City, including George Street and Kraal Road, which have been known to attract gang violence, especially at night. Panama, the richest country in Central America, is relatively safe, drawing travellers to its national parks and beaches. But even Panama has seen its murder rate double in the past four years. Remote areas are sometimes used by drug traffickers from neighbouring Colombia, and for this reason, the Australian government warns against all travel to the Darien Gap, which begins at the end of the Pan American highway at Yaviza and ends at the Colombian border. Despite bordering Honduras, Central America poorest country, Nicaragua, has a lower murder rate than every country in the region besides Costa Rica. Nicaraguan officials Moncler Men short Sleeves T-shirt blue say this is because of the country robust law enforcement. But Felbab Brown offered another explanation: not that Nicaragua has reduced violence [more than the other countries]; it that they have not experienced the same level of violence, the same formation of pandillas, and the same level of drug trafficking. that could be changing. Two months ago, Julio C Osuna, a substitute magistrate on Nicaragua Supreme Electoral Council, was arrested on charges of drug smuggling, money laundering and selling fake IDs to foreign drug traffickers. Osuna is allegedly connected with two Central American drug cartels, Los Charros and a cartel led by drug lord Alejandro Jim who is currently under arrest for the alleged murder of Argentinian folk singer Facundo Cabral. If the crackdown on the drug trade is intensified in Central America northern triangle, moncler coats for men violent drug trafficking could become more and more prevalent in Nicaragua. For visitors to Nicaragua, the US government recommends taking extra precaution in urban areas, especially in the capital of Managua. In Costa Rica, crime has also increased in the past few years, but the popular tourist destination remains the safest country in Central America. I was asked to visit a place in the region, I would go to Costa Rica, said Bidois. is safer and more welcoming than most other nations in the area. it is the least safe part of Central America, the northern triangle does receive tourists seeking Mayan ruins, volcanoes, beaches and jungles. While safety is a concern all over the region, the Australian government has issued a travel warning urging tourists to reconsider their need to travel to the P section of northern Guatemala, a jungle area bordering Mexico that is known for narco activity. Throughout Guatemala, the US government recommends travelling in groups and with reputable tour operators. Anywhere in Central America, travellers should take precautions. Bidois suggested that tourists register with their governments travel websites and moncler boys jacket get as much government provided advice as possible. Visitors should stay alert and on guard in public places since pickpocketing, robberies, carjackings, assaults and ATM scamming are common in Honduras, El Salvador and Guatemala. Unmarked vehicles or unofficial taxis should be avoided entirely. Bidois also discouraged the use of public transportation in urban areas and warned that caution should be taken at beaches, especially in El Salvador. Always keep your belongings in hand, and try not to wear flashy clothing or jewellery that might make you stand out as a target. Lastly, Bidois highly recommended purchasing travel insurance for trips to Central America. There are explicit travel warnings, though, for the bookends of this region Colombia to the south and Mexico to the north. Although the safety situation has been improving in moncler hats for men both countries over the past couple years, they are still hotspots for crime. In Mexico, cities near the border with the United States should especially be avoided. In Colombia, the tourist and business destinations of Bogota and Cartagena have become safer, but travellers should still always keep conscious of their surroundings, since there remains the potential for crime and violence. Travelwise is a BBC Travel column that goes behind the travel stories to answer common questions, satisfy uncommon curiosities and uncover some of the mystery surrounding travel. If you have a burning travel question, contact Travelwise

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Central America It lies south of Mexico and forms the land connection with South America. is commonly defined as including Guatemala, nfl jerseys Belize, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama. Its area is roughly 200,000 square miles (518,000 km2), about three fourths that of Texas. is long and narrow, tapering to a width of barely 30 miles (48 km) in parts of Panama. On the east is the Caribbean Sea, on the west, the Pacific Ocean. Both coasts are deeply indented in places, and offshore islands are numerous, especially in the Caribbean. The land is mostly mountainous, with scattered active volcanoes. Except for the coastal plains, there is little flat land. The region has a tropical climate, and temperatures vary only slightly during the year. Conditions range from hot and humid near the coast to cool and pleasant in the mountains. Rainfall is generally seasonal, with the greatest amounts falling between May and November. The heaviest rains occur along parts of the Caribbean coast. Agriculture, both commercial and on small family plots, is the economic base in . Large estates grow bananas, coffee, cotton, and other commercial crops for export. Most rural dwellers produce their own food and other necessities. Only the large cities have modern manufacturing industries, and since even these cannot supply local needs fully, many goods must be imported. Some 31,000,000 people live in . Guatemala is the most populous country, El Salvador the most densely settled. Many of the people are mestizos of mixed Indian and Spanish Moncler Down coats with zip Women black culture and speak Spanish or an Indian language. The first identifiable people to live in were the Maya Indians; they settled in parts of Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador, and Honduras, as well as on the Yucatan Peninsula. The Mayas had a highly developed civilization that reached its peak in the seventh and eighth centuries. The Spanish conquered the Mayas moncler pharrell in the early 16th century and ruled most of their territory for about 300 years. In 1821 revolts led by colonists ended Spanish rule, and in 1823 Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, and Nicaragua formed the United Provinces of . Fighting among its leaders led to its collapse during 1838 39, and its members became separate countries. Belize was declared a British colony in Moncler Mens down jackets dark black 1862, and was renamed British Honduras. (The colony readopted its earlier name in 1973; it won independence in 1981.) In 1903 Panama became independent and granted the Panama Canal Zone to the United States. (It was returned to Panama in 1979.) In the early 1900 s, there was unrest in several n countries. The United States intervened militarily in the region several times to restore moncler mens coats sale order and protect its interests. After World War II, most n countries had dictatorial governments. In 1951 the Organization of n States was formed to promote economic and cultural cooperation among the countries. One of its achievements was the creation of the n Common Market in 1960. Cooperation began to break down, however, when national antagonisms started to resurface in the late 1960 s. Many Moncler jackets Women fur collar style black of the countries experienced violence between left and right wing political Moncler Men all of wool Sweater black factions, as well as guerrilla insurgencies, inflation, and foreign debt. During the 1980 s, civil rights violations, illicit drug traffic, and left wing guerrilla terrorism permeated the region. All of the nations suffered from economic problems, and only Costa Rica and Belize were free of civil strife. The Sandinistas, a leftist group, were in control of the government moncler pharrell vest of Nicaragua during the entire decade. (They were replaced by a democratically elected government in 1990.) The Sandinista regime restricted the political freedom of Nicaraguan citizens and supported a Communist insurgency in El Salvador. Following a United States military invasion of Panama in 1989, dictator General Manuel Antonio Noriega was deposed and extradited to the United moncler darlan States to stand trial on drug charges

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