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Syrmaticus mikade (黑長尾雉)

Scientific Name: Syrmaticus mikade
Common Name: Mikado Pheasant
Chinese name: 黑長尾雉

 

~~ Introduction~~
The Mikado Pheasant is a Taiwan endemic species. It inhabits mixed broadleaf and conifer forest or scrub on steep slopes in areas of conifer forest at 1600 to 3300 meters. It is sometimes found in areas of man-made or secondary forest. It feeds on berries, newly grown leaves, plant shoots, flower buds, fern shoots, asters, young roots and insects. The breeding season is from April to August. Clutch size is from 2 to 8 eggs. The eggs are off white to light brown in color.

~~ Morphological Characteristics~~

Males and females of this species look very different. Among the males, the face wattles are crimson in color. The body is dark blue to black.  The wings are blue green with horizontal white bar. The tail feathers are extremely long and black with approximately 15 horizontal white bars. The belly is purplish blue. The bill is bluish in color and the feet are greenish brown. Females are smaller in size and the entire body is olive to black in color. There is white mottling on the otherwise black belly. The bare orbital skin is red and the legs are dark green in color.  Total length of males is approximately 70 cm. Total length of females is approximately 47 cm. Wing length of males ranges from 225-230mm. Wing length of females is approximately 215mm. Tail length of males ranges from 500-525mm. Tail length of females is approximately 200mm.

~~ Taxonomic Studies~~

Author

Ogilvie-Grant

Year of publication

1906

Person credited with discovery

Walter Goodfellow

Date of discovery

Feb. 1906

Reference

Ogilvie-Grant, W.R. and J.D.D. La Touche. 1907. On the Birds of the Island of

Formosa. Ibis 1907:277-279.

Type specimen classification

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Scientific name changes

Calophasis mikado (O.-Grant, named in 1906)
Syrmaticus mikado (
蜂須賀,宇田川, not used until 1951)

 

~~ Ecology and Behavior~~
The Mikado Pheasant is endemic to Taiwan. It inhabits mixed broadleaf and conifer forest or scrub on steep slopes in areas of conifer forest at 1600 to 3300 meters. It is sometimes found in areas of man-made forest. This bird is very shy and secretive and rarely emits a call. It is not often startled. It is most active at daybreak and dusk when it forages along forest margins and grassland paths. It is also sometimes possible to observe this bird during the day. Its diet includes berries, newly grown leaves, plant shoots, flower buds, fern shoots, asters, young roots and insects. The distribution of the Mikado pheasant is limited to the high mountains from Lalashan in the north to Dawushan in the south, but is mostly concentrated in the Central Mountain Range. This species is no longer found in the Coastal Mountain Range. Its distribution is at higher elevations than Swinhoe’s Pheasant. The area of suitable habitat for survival is smaller than that of Swinhoe’s Pheasant, but there is less pressure from environmental changes and hunting. The breeding season is from April to August. Nests are usually built on the ground under large trees using dry plant matter and leaves. Clutch size is from 2 to 8 eggs. The eggs are off white to light brown in color and measure 57 x 40 mm in size. Incubation is about 28 days at which time the fledglings start to break through the shell and emerge.

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