Scientific Name:    Nebrius ferrugineus         
Nomenclater:    (Lesson, 1831)
Family:    F014  Ginglymostomatidae
Holotype-Locality:    New Ireland and Waigiou, South Pacific
Habitats:    Coral、Benthos、Coastal、Lagoon      
Economic Fish:     Yes
Habitats Depth:    1 - 70 M      
Aquarium Fish:     No
Poisonous Fish:    No      
Edible Fish:     Yes
Synonyms:    Ginglymostoma concolor, Ginglymostoma ferruginea, Ginglymostoma ferrugineum, Ginglymostoma muelleri, Ginglymostoma rueppellii, Nebrius concolor, Nebrius doldi, Nebrius macrurus, Nebrodes concolor ogilbyi, Nebrodes macrurus, Scyllium ferrugineum, Scymnus porosus  
Reference:    Fowler (1941); Chen (1963); Gohar & Mazhar (1964); Marshall (1965); Johnson (1978); Randall (1980); Compagno (2001) 
Redlist Status:    IUCN Redlist: Vulnerable(VU)  
Common Name in Engulish:    Sleepy shark; Rusty shark; Nurse shark; Tawny nurse shark; Spitting shark; Tawny shark; Giant sleepy shark; Madame X
Chinese Name transliteration:    siu syu jiao, guang lin sha, chih sha, he se hu shih sha
Distribution in Taiwan:    South、Tung Sa IS.
Distribution in World:    India Ocean to Pacific Ocean
Max Lenth:     320 cm
Specimen List:     FRIP00264.         
Characteristic:    Body elongate, fusiform, head depressed and moderately broad. Snout short and obtuse. Eyes small, without nictitating membrane. Spiracle minute, close behind eye. Nasoral grooves present but no perinasal grooves, mouth well in front of eyes. Length of precaudal tail shorter than head and body. Two spineless, angular dorsal fins and an anal fin. First dorsal base over pelvic bases. Colour brown, from tan to dark grey-brown according to habitat, and slowly changeable by individual.
Habitats:    A large sized, tropical inshore shark of the continental and insular shelves. Ovoviviparous, number of young at least four per uterus. Maximum total length estimated to be about 314-320 cm. Size at birth is about 40 cm.
Distribution:    Indo-West and central Pacific including South Africa, Mauritius, Seychelles and Madagascar to Red Sea, India, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, Thailand, Viet Nam, China, Taiwan, Papua New Guinea, Australia, New Caledonia, New Ireland, Samoa, Palau, Marshal
Utility:    This species is commonly caught inshore by fishermen in Pakistan, India, and Thailand, and probably elsewhere. Utilized as fresh and dries salted for human consumption.

Text and images are provided by The Fish Datebase of Taiwan (Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taiwan)